The Soviet Austin-Putilov
Shown above is a (now) Polish Austin-putilov in the 1920. This vehicle was captured from the Soviets in the Russo-polish war of 1920 and renamed from Stenka Razi to Poznanczyk. A point of interest - Poland was the only nation to ever defeat the Red Army. The Austin-Putilov was a British design, though mostly produced and used in Russia. The Russians took the basic chassis (that was all that could be supplied by the over stretched Britsh production lines) and modified it considerably to cope with the harsh Russian conditions. Inprovements included later replacing the rear wheels with tracks and adding additional armor and rear steering. Both in terms of numbers and performance, the Austin/Austin-Putilov is considered by some to be the most important armored car the Russians possessed during WW1. Many saw action in the internal fighting surrounding the October revolution and afterwards in the Russian Civil War. After 1918 some saw service in the Polish and Japanese armies. This vehicle proved itself to be extremely rugged. For specifications go the section on WW1. Poland had more than 20, in different variants. All were captured in 1919-20, during Polish-Soviet war. The last ones were withdrawn in 1931. The name of the vehicle type was "Stenka Razin" or Styenka, depending on the translation.
There were five basic variants of Soviet Austins:- three variants of English-built Austins (mod. 1914 - 48 cars, model 1915 - 60 cars and model 1918 - 60 cars, not all delivered due to the revolution). Maybe there were more Austins sent to Russia - the sources tell different numbers.
- Austin-Putilov, with an armored body built in Russia (33 cars were made in 1919-20) - improved, with thicker armor and diagonal turrets.
-More than 10 Austins of all types were captured by Polish - most of them were used by Polish, at least 5 survived and were used after the war.
- the last variant was Austin-Putilov-Kegresse (only 12 cars built), with half-tracked chassis. It was very rare type, but a few vehicles (at least 2) were captured and used by Polish. They were ex-Soviet: "Ukrainiets" and "Putilovets" vehicles. The picture is depicting damaged Ukrainiets (with a slogan "Vsya Vlast Sovyetam" - All power to the Soviets) , after its capture.